Periodontal Care

Gum disease often goes unnoticed until it has already caused significant damage. This condition involves the inflammation and infection of the gums and surrounding tissue, primarily caused by bacterial plaque. Left untreated, gum disease can lead to tooth loss, making it one of the leading causes of adult tooth loss.

Development of Gum Disease

The process begins with plaque, a thin, colorless film containing bacteria that develops on the teeth. When left untreated, plaque hardens into tartar, a rough, porous mineral buildup that forms at and below the gum line. Tartar releases toxins that inflame the gums, leading to the formation of periodontal pockets harboring more bacteria. As the condition progresses, these toxins and bacteria can penetrate deeper into the jaw, causing bone destruction and ultimately loosening or loss of teeth.

Signs of Gum Disease

Recognizing the signs of gum disease early on is crucial for preventing further complications. Symptoms may include:

• Red, inflamed gums
• Bleeding while brushing or flossing
• Receding gums
• Loose or separating teeth
• Presence of pus between the gum and tooth
• Chronic halitosis (bad breath)

Impact and Health Concerns

Aside from its effects on oral health, gum disease has been linked to various systemic health issues such as heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis, and complications with diabetes. Because initial symptoms can be mild, many individuals may not realize they have gum disease until it progresses.

Treatment

Periodontics, a specialized field of dentistry, focuses on treating gum disease. In its early stages, gum disease can be reversed with prompt intervention. Treatment typically involves scaling to remove plaque and calculus, root planing to smooth the roots, and possibly antibiotic therapy to address infection or inflammation. Advanced cases may require surgical procedures to trim the gums, disinfect the tissues, remove hardened plaque, and reshape damaged bone.

FAQs

• Should I be concerned if my gums bleed when I brush? Yes, bleeding gums can indicate gum disease and should prompt a visit to your dentist for evaluation.
• Is gum disease hereditary? While genetics play a role, lifestyle choices and oral health habits also influence the development of gum disease.
• How can I prevent gum disease? Proper oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups, are essential for preventing gum disease.
• Is there a cure for gum disease? While there is no cure, effective treatment and diligent home care can halt its progression and restore oral health.